Modular element for motor vehicle indicator lights

ABSTRACT

An indicator light unit for a motor vehicle comprises a support element, at least one cover element, and at least one light emitting diode (LED), having a body, arranged between the support element and the cover element. The light unit comprises at least one elementary module having a frame, carrying at least one LED, the cover element being fixed to the frame. The frame comprises: an aperture associated with each LED for passage of the light emitted by the LED, each of the latter being located in line with a corresponding one of these apertures, the cover element or elements being in facing relationship with these apertures; and means for fixing the module on the support element.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates in general terms to indicator lights, or light units, for motor vehicles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

An indicator light conventionally comprises a filament lamp mounted on a back plate which constitutes its base, together with an optic or cover glass in front of the lamp. Optical means are frequently used for directing a major proportion of the light emitted by the lamp into a direction which is close to a preferential emission axis, or else to confer a homogeneous light intensity on the lighting field of the indicator light in the event that a light source is used which is essentially a light source giving an intense light output.

It is also known to provide an indicator light which is subdivided into a plurality of elements, each of which includes a small filament lamp, for example a lamp of the wedge base type, in cooperation with its own optical means, the object of this being to obtain a field of light which is both homogeneous and of large extent, while the light unit itself is of reduced thickness. Such a light, having a plurality of lamps, is however expensive to make.

More generally, the various components of an indicator light, with the exception of the lamp or lamps (which are generally standard) must be subjected to scrutiny and specific development (in every case, in accordance with a given specification). This results in a relatively high selling price.

Other disadvantages of conventional indicating lights or light units lie in the fact that the filament lamps which are used have to be replaced quite frequently, and they generally occupy a substantial depth, due to the fact that the base on which they are fitted must present (at least with some lamps) a parabolic profile for light flux concentration. Yet another disadvantage is that it is impossible to produce fields of light with complex contours. In connection with this last point, the designer generally has to work with simple circular or rectangular shapes only.

Finally, it is known from the specification of European published patent application EP 0 328 088A, to provide a light which has a frame in which a plurality of individual modules are grouped. Each of these modules comprises a support in which a light emitting diode is fitted. In this known arrangement, the modular character of the light is limited to the light sources themselves, so that the designer still has only very limited scope for flexibility in design.

DISCUSSION OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to overcome the various drawbacks of the current state of the art, by proposing an elementary module which is adapted to be Juxtaposed with a plurality of other elementary modules, so as to give, easily and inexpensively, fields of light having geometric and photometric characteristics which are widely variable, and with the further advantage of small thickness and high reliability of the light unit itself.

According to the invention, an elementary module for an indicating light for a vehicle, especially a motor vehicle, is characterised in that it comprises, in combination:

- a frame,

- at least one light emitting diode having a body, and

- at least one cover element fixed to the said frame,

and in that the said frame comprises:

- an aperture associated with each light emitting diode for passing through it the light emitted by the latter,

- means for positioning the or each light emitting diode in facing relationship with the corresponding said aperture,

- means for positioning the or each said covering element in facing relationship with the said apertures, and

- fastening means for fastening the module on a support element.

Further features, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on a reading of the detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention which follows, this description being given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a view in median longitudinal cross section, showing a module of light emitting diodes in a first embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial top plan view of an array of modules as in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a view in transverse cross section taken on the line III--III in FIG. 1, showing the same module.

FIG. 3a is a view in partial transverse cross section, similar to FIG. 3 but showing a modification.

FIG. 4 is a view in transverse cross section taken on the line IV--IV in FIG. 1, showing the same module as the latter.

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic top plan view showing four juxtaposed modules.

FIG. 6 shows in a diagrammatic form seven ways in which neighbouring modules can be assembled together.

FIG. 7 is a bottom plan view of a second embodiment of a module of light emitting diodes in accordance with the invention.

FIG. 8 is a view in elevation from one side, showing the same module as FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a view in median axial cross section showing the same module as FIGS. 7 and 8.

FIG. 10 is a view in front elevation of the same module as that shown in FIGS. 7 to 9.

FIG. 11 is a top plan view of the same module as is seen in FIGS. 7 to 10.

FIG. 12 is a view in median transverse cross section showing a module of light emitting diodes in a third embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 13 is a partial view of the same module as in FIG. 12, shown in median longitudinal cross section.

FIG. 14 is a partial top plan view of the same module as in FIGS. 12 and 13.

FIG. 15 shows diagrammatically the electrical connecting means whereby the modules of light emitting diodes are connected together.

FIG. 16a is a diagrammatic view in axial vertical cross section, showing a module of light emitting diodes which are connected electrically in a first connecting arrangement.

FIG. 16b is a diagrammatic view in axial vertical cross section showing a module of light emitting diodes connected electrically together in a second connecting arrangement.

FIG. 16c is a view in diagrammatic axial vertical cross section, showing a module of light emitting diodes connected together electrically in a third connecting arrangement.

FIG. 17 is a diagrammatic front view of a rear indicator light cluster for a motor vehicle, incorporating modules of light emitting diodes in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a view in cross section taken on the line XVIII--XVIII in FIG. 17.

FIG. 19 is a view in cross section taken on the line XIX--XIX in FIG. 17.

FIG. 20 is a view in cross section taken on the line XX--XX in FIG. 17.

FIG. 21 is a view in cross section taken on the line XXI--XXI in FIG. 17.

FIG. 22 is a view in cross section taken on the line XXII--XXII in FIG. 17.

FIG. 23 is a diagrammatic general assembly drawing, showing, in transverse cross section, a raised stop light incorporating modules of light emitting diodes in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a detail view showing the light seen in FIG. 23 but in transverse cross section.

FIG. 25 is a front view of the same light as that shown in FIGS. 23 and 24.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

At the outset, it will be noted that, as between one Figure of the drawings and another, those elements or portions which are identical or similar to each other are designated by the same reference numerals and/or letters, and will not be described each time, in the interests of keeping the description as concise as possible.

Reference will first be made to FIGS. 1 to 5, which show a module of light emitting diodes designed to serve as an elementary component and adapted to be juxtaposed with identical modules so as to form an indicating light unit comprising a single light or a group or cluster of indicating lights, having a large surface area.

In the present example, such a module, which is indicated generally at 100, consists of four light emitting diodes 110 of the "Brewster" type which is available commercially. One advantage associated with the use of Brewster diodes in groups of four lies in the fact that each diode calls for an electrical supply voltage of the order of 2.5 to 3 volts, so that by connecting the diodes in series, the potential of 12 volts which is available across the terminals of the battery of the vehicle can be applied directly to the module.

Each light emitting diode (or LED) 110 comprises a body 112 of generally square shape, with a trapezoidal transverse cross section, this design being conventional. At the centre of the outer surface or front surface of the body, there is a projection 114, the shape of which is substantially hemispherical. Three metal tags 116 for electrical connection extend from the back of the body 112, with each of these tags having a terminal portion of reduced cross section. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the body 112 of the LED 110 has two opposed lateral notches 118 of semicircular cross section, for locating the LED in a predetermined position.

A module in this first embodiment of the invention includes a frame 120 which is aligned on a longitudinal axis x--x (FIG. 2), and which has a right cross section which is generally in the shape of an H as seen in FIG. 4. The frame 120 includes two upright side portions 122, which are Joined together by a transverse portion 124, essentially at mid-height. The frame 120 is preferably made by moulding in a suitable plastics material.

As is best seen in FIG. 1, four recesses 125, formed in the lower face of the transverse portion 124, are aligned on the axis x--x. The shape of these recesses 125 is substantially complementary to that of the bodies 112 of the four LED's 110. Thus each recess 125 has two lateral ribs 125a (FIG. 2) which are arranged to be engaged in the notches 118 in the LED body 112. In addition, in the upper face of each transverse portion 124, four transverse apertures 126 of generally circular cross section, in line with the recesses 125, are open into the centre of the latter. The apertures 126 are frusto conical, and are upwardly divergent as shown, in such a way that all of the slightly divergent light flux (having a typical solid angle of 50°) emitted by the associated LED 110, can pass through them.

The frame 120 also has two opposed terminal walls 128 (FIG. 1) which extend upwardly. At the upper end of the side branches 122 of the frame, there is secured a transparent element constituting a cover 130, which is preferably employed as an optical element. This element 130 is elongated along the axis x--x, over the whole length of the frame 120. Along its four edges, it has grooves 132 which are open at the side and which are arranged to receive the free ends of the branches 122 and of the terminal walls 128, thus ensuring proper mutual location of these elements. For example, the element 130 may include, in relief on either its internal surface or its external surface, four Fresnel lenses which are aligned with the light exit apertures 126 formed in the frame 120. Preferably, the components 110, 120 and 130 of the module are assembled by adhesive bonding, or by ultrasonic welding, although they may be assembled together in any other appropriate way in order to ensure perfect cohesion of the module 100.

The lower portion of the branches 122 (with reference to FIGS. 1, 3 and 4), and the transverse portion 124 together define a cavity which is arranged to receive a printed circuit 140 of elongated shape, on which the connecting tabs 116 of the LED's are soldered. It will be observed that in line with each terminal wall 128 of the frame, there is an aperture 129 (FIG. 1) which enables a printed circuit 140 to be connected electrically in parallel with a neighbouring printed circuit.

It is conventional that light emitting diodes connected in series require a current limiting resistor, again in series, to be interposed in the circuit. Such a resistor is indicated at 150. It is located in a complementary recess 127 which is formed in the transverse portion 124 of the frame between two adjacent recesses 125, and which is open at least downwardly. In this way the resistor 150 may be soldered directly on to the printed circuit 140 as indicated in FIG. 1.

As is shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the frame 120 defines a rake angle α on its longitudinal edges and terminal edges. This angle may for example be 5°. As will be seen more clearly in detail below, this rake angle enables a set of LED modules to be juxtaposed intimately with each other, with mutual angular offsets which may in this case be 10°, which in turn enables the light unit to be given a curved profile.

A set of the modules 110 is arranged to be mounted on a support plate 200, using means which will be described below in one particular form.

Referring to FIG. 5, eight locations are here defined on a module 100, these locations being denoted by the references P1 to P8 in FIG. 5 and lying respectively on either side of an LED element 110 in the transverse direction.

It is then arranged that at each location P1-P8 (or assembly zone), the frame 120 has one of three different configurations, namely:

- a solid or obturated configuration, that is to say the side branch or wall 122 of the frame 120 is substantially uninterrupted in this position, this configuration being denoted "O" and illustrated in FIG. 3a;

- a perforated or open configuration, that is to say the side wall 122 of the frame in this assembly zone is interrupted over a predetermined width, so as to leave an open passage extending between a height close to the top plane of the LED body 112 and the base of the frame; this configuration is denoted "T", and is shown in FIG. 3, in which each of the two juxtaposed modules 110 is provided with such a passage in a left hand position; and

- a latching configuration, in which the side wall 122 of the frame 120 is interrupted substantially in the same way as in the "T" configuration described above, but a latching tooth 122a defines a cavity 122b between itself and the upper end of the passage; this configuration is denoted "C" and is shown in FIG. 3 in which each of the two juxtaposed modules 100 has such a configuration in a position on the right hand side.

The support plate 200 is provided with flexible lugs 210 in particular places. These lugs 210 extend upwardly, and each lug 210 terminates in a latching tooth 212 which projects sideways. One such lug is shown in FIG. 3. The width of each lug 210 is chosen so as to be equal to, or slightly smaller than, the width of the passage which is defined by the side wall 122 of the frame 120 in the "T" and "C" configurations. Thus a frame 120 may have in its eight positions a pattern of eight assembly zones, the configurations of which are selected from among a larger number (which is equal in theory to 3⁸) of possible patterns.

In addition, any one particular pattern of assembly configurations may constitute a code associated with the particular type of module of light emitting diodes under consideration. It is thus possible to code modules in accordance with the colour of the light which they emit (especially red or amber), or in accordance with the nature of the optical elements (i.e. prisms, ribs, lenses, Fresnel bars, and so on), which are formed on the transparent covering element 130 or the like. The main function of such a "coding,, is to ensure clear identification during fitting of a plurality of modules 100 on to the support plate 200. This is important in particular so as to avoid the possibility of modules having different characteristics getting mixed up, and also to avoid orientating identical modules in head-to-toe relationship. It also makes in possible to avoid a situation in which a location on the support plate which is intended to receive one particular type of module can accidentally receive a module of a different type.

More precisely, it will easily be understood from FIGS. 3 and 3a that, during the side-by-side juxtaposition of two modules 100, a "C" configuration must be arranged facing a "T" configuration so that enough space can be left for the latching lug 210 of the support plate 200. Thus in the middle of FIG. 3 it can be seen that the lug 210, having its tooth 212 engaged in the cavity 122b of the left hand module, must follow a path passng through the passage defined by the "T" configuration of the right hand module. Modules placed side by side can thus readily be distinguished from each other in order to ensure that they are of the same type.

It will also be understood that a module cannot be positioned on the support plate if a latching lug 210 lies to the right (with reference to FIG. 3) of an "O" configuration. This produces a clear relationship between the module and the support plate, so as to ensure that the latter will always receive the correct type of module.

Reference is now made to FIG. 6, which indicates (by the use of the above mentioned codes "C", "T" and "O") seven particularly appropriate configuration patterns. Each pattern comprises three latching, or C-type, assembly zones arranged in a triangle, which enables the modules to be anchored at three points on to the support plate, that is to say by means of three latching lugs 210, with each longitudinal edge including at least one of these "C" configurations. This gives the assembly a good degree of stability. In this way, seven different types of module can be identified.

Other patterns may of course be conceived, provided at least one latching configuration "C" is present on each longitudinal side, and provided also that an open configuration "T" is present in the position lying on the other side of the LED element 110 concerned.

Reference is here made once again to FIG. 1. It is of advantage that the outer surface of the transverse portion 124 facing towards the optical element 130 be covered with a coating 121 of the aluminised type (by application in the form of paint, vacumetallising, or the like), in such a way that when the module is extinguished and view from outside, it is thereby given as homogeneous an appearance as possible. In this connection, it will be noted that the body 110 of a Brewster diode commonly has an uncolored, transparent or translucent appearance.

Although in the above description, the module includes four Brewster type diodes, it is of course possible to make modules which have any number of such diodes. It is also possible to design an assembly of elementary blocks, for example with one, two, four, eight and twelve diodes arranged in a single row; or having four, six or eight diodes arranged side by side in two rows, and so on. Such arrangements can be used to create fields of light (which may be curved), having shapes and dimensions which may be chosen at will by suitable selection of the elementary blocks.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 7 to 11, which show a module with a Brewster type diode in another embodiment of the invention. This module has a frame 120 and a cover element 130 which are integral with each other, and which are made by moulding in a suitable transparent plastics material. The frame 120 is in this case limited to two lugs 122', which project downwardly from median regions of the two opposed sides of the element 130, and which engage at least partially in opposed lateral slots 118 of the LED element 110, identical to that described above. This module, with its single Brewster diode (or, in a modification, more than one diode), may be fitted on to a printed circuit, not shown, with the connecting tags of the LED element 110 and the free ends of the lugs 122' being arranged to be engaged in appropriate holes formed in the printed circuit.

It will also be noted in FIGS. 7 to 11 that the element 130 defines a planar-convex lens, with its internal face 135 (facing towards the element 110) being convex, while the opposed portion 136a of its outer surface is flat, being bounded by a frusto conical chamfered portion 136b. This concentrates the light flux emitted by the LED along the axis of the LED element 110.

Referring now to FIGS. 12 to 14, these show a further embodiment of a module in accordance with the invention. In these FIGS., the module has, in a similar way to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 6, an elongated frame 120, having a right cross section in the general form of an H, with two side branches 122 and a transverse portion 124, in which a plurality of aligned apertures 126 are formed, there being for example four of these apertures. However, by contrast with the embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 6, each LED element 122 is here received not in a specific recess formed in the transverse portion 124, but in the cavity which is defined by the base of the side branches 122 and by the transverse portion 124. In this connection, a semicircular rib 125a is provided in the base portion of the branches 122, in line with each respective aperture 126 and on either side of the latter. The rib 125a is arranged to engage in an associated notch 118 (FIG. 2) of the LED element 110.

Another particular feature of the module shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 lies in the fact that the cover element 130, which in this example is provided with Fresnel bars or ribs 137 on its outer surface, is set into the two branches 122 between which it extends, with grooves 123 being formed for this purpose in the outer end regions of the branches 122.

Finally it will be noticed that the branches 122 of the frame 120 are essentially parallel to each other in the vicinity of their base, but that they are divergent upwardly beyond the transverse portion 124. As before, this enables spreading light fields to be produced.

Again in this example, the components 110, 120 and 130 of the module are assembled together by a conventional adhesion or welding method. An advantage peculiar to this embodiment lies in that it is possible to produce a very long profiled element in which frames 120 of various lengths can be cut out so as to give modules with N elements 110.

Referring now to FIG. 15, this shows diagrammatically one possible arrangement for the electrical connection of two modules 100 disposed in alignment with each other. Each module 100 has, on each longitudinal end face, a male terminal element 171 and a female terminal element 172 which lie in accurately determined positions. At its opposite end, the module again has a male terminal element 171 and a female terminal element 172, arranged here in the opposite order. Thus, when a plurality of the modules are being aligned with each other, a male terminal 171 of one module engages in a female terminal 172, aligned With it, of the next adjacent module, while a male terminal 171 of this adjacent module engages in the female terminal 172 of the first module. Thus a bus-type electric supply circuit, extending through all of the modules connected together, is created.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 16a to 16c, which diagrammatically show other possible types of electrical connection arrangement.

In the case shown in FIG. 16a, each Brewster type diode 110 is connected individually to a supply circuit through two flexible conductors 301, 302, the ends of which may have spade terminal portions (not shown) for fitting on to the terminals of the diode.

In FIG. 16b, there is shown a printed circuit 140 which is received in a cavity of the frame 120 in a way which is more or less the same as in the case described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. The printed circuit, on which N LED elements 110 are connected, is connected individually through two conductors 303 and 304 to a supply circuit.

FIG. 16c shows an arrangement which is again applicable to a printed circuit 140. However, this printed circuit has two male conductive terminals 141 and 142, which project in accurately defined positions, towards that one of its sides which is opposed to the LED elements 110. The support plate 200 itself carries female connecting elements 221 and 222, which are arranged to receive the male terminals 141 and 142 respectively. For example, these female connecting elements may form part of a circuit of the kind which may be referred to as a "cut-out circuit", which is well known for the distribution of supply voltages to filament lamps in an indicating light cluster. The cut-out circuit is indicated generally at 220 in FIG. 16c.

In such an arrangement, it should be noted that the male-female electrical connecting means may be used with advantage for the mechanical fastening of each module 100 on the support plate 200. Again, the position of the pair of male terminals 141 and 142 may vary according to the type of module concerned, so as to ensure positive identification in the same sense as before, but by the use of different technical means from those used in the arrangements described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

Referring now to FIG. 17, this shows diagrammatically, in front view, a rear indicating light cluster for a motor vehicle using modules of light emitting diodes of the kind described above. FIGS. 18 to 22, to which reference is also now made, illustrate different transverse cross sections of this cluster. In FIGS. 17 to 22, the light cluster 400 is divided into two distinct parts, namely a curved outer part 400a, of the folded wing kind, and an inner part (i.e. disposed inwardly of the outer part towards the central plane of the vehicle). The inner part is generally flat in shape.

The outer part 400a includes a base 410a (FIGS. 20 and 21) and a curved optic or globe 420a. The distance between the base 410a and globe 420a is essentially constant. The globe 420a is mounted on the base 410a by means of a peripheral inturned flange 422a, which is engaged in a complementary groove 412a formed at the periphery of the base 410a. A sealing gasket (which is not indicated with a reference) is, in the usual way, interposed between these two components.

The outer part 400a defines two light fields P1 and P2, which are created exclusively by means of modules 100 of light emitting diodes, which may for example be of the kinds described above. In this example, they consist of modules having four diodes 110. The base 410a of the outer part 400a of the cluster serves as the support element, like the support plate 200 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, and may for example include latching means (not Shown) for mounting the individual modules on it. For example, the upper light field P1 corresponds to a stop light, red in colour, while the lower field P2, which is of lesser depth, corresponds to an amber flashing direction indicating light.

It will be observed in FIGS. 20 and 21 that the different modules 100 are offset angularly from each other, which enables the rake angles described above to be provided on their end surfaces. In vertical cross section as shown in FIG. 22, the modules 100 are offset in position from each other so as to match the inclination of the base 410a and of the optic or globe 420a. The two light fields P1 and P2 are separated from each other by a narrow zone 414a formed by material integral with the base 410a, and projecting forwardly from the latter. The zone 410a is formed during moulding of the base.

Given that the colour of the light functions concerned is given directly by the light emitting diodes, the optic 420a may be made of an uncoloured transparent plastics material, or alternatively in a coloured plastics material (which may for example be smoked), in such a way as not substantially to alter the colours produced.

It will be observed that the use of modules of light emitting diodes in accordance with the invention enables indicating lights to be made with an extremely limited depth, which may typically be of 20 to 30 mm, while at the same time producing light fields with extremely homogeneous lighting levels.

The inner part 400b of the indicating light cluster 400 again has a base in a similar way to the outer part 400a. The base, 410b, of the inner part 400b is assembled in the same way with its optic 420b. The inner part 400b defines two light fields P3 and P4.

The light field P3, which may for example serve as a position light, is again provided by means of modules of light emitting diodes, but in a different way from the fields P1 and P2. More precisely, a single row consisting of several modules 100 is provided in the lower region of the cavity corresponding to the light field P3, these rows being so oriented as to emit their light upwardly. The surface of the base 410b which is directed towards the optic 420b includes particular light treatment means such as to direct outwardly, while diffusing, the light which is received from the modules 100. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 to 22, this light treatment means consists of frosting. However, in a modified embodiment shown in FIG. 18a, the treatment means consists of a series of concave striations 416b (or again, convex striations) extending horizontally over the surface of the base 410b. In the light field P3, the optic 420b may for example be transparent and uncoloured or coloured (smoked). Preferably, an opaque coating, which may for example be black, is provided on the internal surface of the optic 420b at the level of the row of modules 100, in such a way as to mask the modules when the cluster is seen from outside.

The other light field P4 of the inner part 400b of the cluster corresponds for example to the reversing light or rear fog light function. In this example it is of conventional form, in which the base 410b defines, within the light field P4, a parabolic reflector which cooperates with a lamp 430 so as to form a concentrated light beam. The optic 420b in the light field P4 may have alternate zones 424b and 425b which are transparent and uncoloured, and translucent with a smoked colour, respectively, such as to present a relatively homogeneous aspect with the part of the optic corresponding to the light field P3, while at the same time not excessively attenuating the light produced.

In FIG. 17, a supply circuit for the row of modules 100 which light upwardly in the light field P3, is indicated at 440.

It is of course possible to make indicating light units, such as clusters of indicating lights, using modules of light emitting diodes in order to obtain a very wide variety of contours or shapes. In particular, by using additional modules having a single diode or two diodes, it will be understood that it is possible to follow closely any curved contours.

It is also possible to make use of "dummy modules", that is to say modules having the shape and appearance of modules such as those described above, but not having any light emitting diodes. In this way, indicating lights can be made which, when they are extinguished, have an appearance which is extremely homogeneous over a given field of large dimension, but in which the light field, or each light field, is a smaller field within the main one.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 23 to 25 in order to describe the raised stop light (or rear window stop light), for a vehicle, which is shown therein and which is made in accordance with the invention using modules of light emitting diodes.

FIG. 23 shows the inclined rear window 502 of the vehicle, below an element 504 of the vehicle body. The raised stop light comprises a shelf 510 having a transverse cross section which is generally L-shaped, having a substantially vertical branch 510a which is abutted against the bodywork element 504, with the other, horizontal, branch 510b of the shelf being abutted against the window 502. The stop light is mounted on top of the horizontal branch 510b of the shelf.

The stop light includes a plurality of modules of the kinds described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14, arranged in a single horizontal row. In a modification, there may be a single module of considerable length. The modules are arranged in a housing or shell 520 which extends horizontally and which consists of two half shells 520a and 520b, with the rear half shell (i.e. the one which is to the rear with respect to the direction in which light is emitted) being opaque and having means (not shown) for securing it on the horizontal branch 510b of the shelf. The forward half shell 520b (i.e. the one which is nearest to the rear of the vehicle) is made of an uncoloured (or smoked) transparent plastics material, so as to allow the light emitted by the LED elements 110 to pass through it by passing through the cover element or elements 130.

A printed circuit is received in the half shell 520a, with the connecting tags 116 of the elements 110 being soldered on to this circuit. The half shell 520a also encloses the flexible electrical connection conductors (not shown). As to the half shell 520b, this contains the modules 100, to which end it has, within the thickness of its upper and lower walls, shoulders 522b which locate the anterior edge (with respect to the direction of emission) of each module. The various components of the stop light unit (i.e. the modules 100 and shell 520) are preferably assembled together by adhesive bonding.

In this way, a raised stop light can be made having a height of only a few tens of millimetres and a width of several tens of centimetres, which is of importance both in relation to safety (vision in the rear view mirror in the cabin is to all intents and purposes unaffected), and in connection with styling. The light intensity of the light is also extremely homogeneous over its whole width.

The present invention is of course in no way limited to the various embodiments thereof which are described above and shown in the drawings. The person skilled in this technical field will be able to apply to these embodiments any variation or modification within the scope of the invention. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A module for a signal light, comprising: a frame; at least one light emitting diode having a body and carried by said frame; and at least one transparent cover element fixed to said frame, wherein said frame defines an aperture associated with each said light emitting diode for passage of light emitted by the light emitting diode through said aperture, the frame further comprising:a pair of upright side portions and a transverse portion joining said side portions together a top surface of said transverse portion having an cavity defining said aperture, a bottom surface of said transverse portion having a recess in line with said aperture and opening into said cavity, the shape of said recess being essentially complimentary to that of the body of said diode, said diode positioned in said recess in facing relationship with said aperture; second locating means for locating the cover element in facing relationship with said aperture; and fastening means for securing the module on a support element, wherein each said aperture associated with a light emitting diode defines a generally frusto conical wall which is divergent in the direction of emission of light from the module.
 2. The module according to claim 1, having four light emitting diodes aligned with each other and means connecting said diodes electrically in series with each other.
 3. The module according to claim 1, wherein said cover element defines optical means for diverting the light emitted by the module.
 4. The module according to claim 1, wherein said fastening means comprise latching means.
 5. The module according claim 1, having a plurality of light emitting diodes, each of which includes a plurality of connecting tags, the module further including a printed circuit soldered to said tags.
 6. The module according to claim 1, wherein the frame has a generally H-shaped transverse cross section, the upright side members having free first ends and said at least one cover element being mounted on said first ends, said side portions defining a first region between second ends thereof remote from the cover element or elements, with said fastening means being operative between said side portions in said region and an associated said support element.
 7. The module according to claim 1, defining a second region beneath said transverse portion, considered in the direction of emission of light from the module, the two upright side portions in said second region defining said recess in the bottom of said transverse portion.
 8. The module according to claim 1, said module further comprising at least one said light emitting diode the body of which defines two opposed locating notches, wherein said upright side portions define ribs on their inner faces in facing relationship to each other, said ribs being essentially complementary with said notches.
 9. The module according to claim 1, having at least one row of light emitting diodes, wherein the frame of the module has side walls defining, on either side of each diode, a plurality of assembly zones, each having a different configuration selected from the group comprising an open configuration, a closed configuration, and a latching configuration.
 10. The module according to claim 9, defining a pattern of said assembly configurations associated in one-to-one relationship with at least one characteristic of the module selected from the group comprising light color characteristics and optical treatment characteristics, said cover element or elements being adapted to perform light treatment defining said characteristics thereof.
 11. A module in combination with a support element for a signal light, comprising: a frame; at least one row of light emitting diodes, each diode having a body and carried by said frame and at least one transparent cover element fixed to said frame, wherein said frame defines an aperture associated with each said light emitting diode for passage of light emitted by the light emitting diode through said aperture, the frame further comprising: first locating means for locating one of said light emitting diodes in facing relationship with each said aperture; second locating means for locating the cover element in facing relationship with said aperture; and fastening means for securing the module on said support element, wherein each said aperture associated with a light emitting diode defines a generally frusto conical wall which is divergent in the direction of emission of light from the module, and wherein the frame of the module has side walls defining, on either side of each diode, a plurality of assembly zones, each having a different configuration selected from the group comprising an open configuration, a closed configuration, and a latching configuration, and wherein the support element comprises at least two flexible lugs fixed with respect to said support element, each said lug comprising a tooth, the module that defines said latching configuration having a cavity adapted for a respective said tooth to engage therein.
 12. A module for a signal light, comprising: a frame; at least one light emitting diode having a body and carried by said frame; and at least one cover element fixed to said frame, wherein said frame defines an aperture associated with each said light emitting diode for passage of light emitted by the light emitting diode through said aperture, the frame further comprising: first locating means for locating one of said light emitting diodes in facing relationship with each said aperture; second locating means for locating the cover element in facing relationship with said aperture; and fastening means for securing the module on a support element, further comprising another module placed side by side with said module, wherein a lug associated with said module is adapted to cooperate with a latching zone of said module, the zone of said other module which defines its open configuration having a passage in facing relationship with said latching zone, a tooth of said lug extending at least partially into said passage.
 13. A module for a signal light, comprising: a frame; at least one light emitting diode having a body and carried by said frame; and at least one cover element fixed to said frame, wherein said frame defines an aperture associated with each said light emitting diode for passage of light emitted by the light emitting diode through said aperture, the frame further comprising: first locating means for locating one of said light emitting diodes in facing relationship with each said aperture; second locating means for locating the cover element in facing relationship with said aperture; and fastening means for securing the module on a support element, wherein said frame of the module has at least one face in the group comprising terminal and side faces thereof, defining a rake angle whereby a plurality of modules can be juxtaposed with each other with an alignment error.
 14. The module according to claim 1, wherein said frame defines a second recess, the module further having a current limiting resistor in said second recess.
 15. The module according to claim 1, defining opposed terminal faces having at least one aperture, and electrical connecting means passing through said at least one aperture to enable a first printed circuit to be connected electrically in parallel to a second printed circuit.
 16. The module according to claim 3, wherein said optical means are selected from the group comprising lenses, Fresnel ribs, prisms and striations.
 17. A module for a signal light in combination with a support element carrying said module, comprising: a frame; a plurality of light emitting diodes, each diode having a body, a plurality of connecting tabs and carried by said frame; a printed circuit soldered to said tags; and at least one transparent cover element fixed to said frame, wherein said frame defines an aperture associated with each said light emitting diode for passage of light emitted by the light emitting diode through said aperture, the frame further comprising: first locating means for locating one of said a light emitting diodes in facing relationship with each said aperture; second locating means for locating the cover element in facing relationship with said aperture; and fastening means for securing the module on said support element, wherein each said aperture associated with a light emitting diode defines a generally frusto conical wall which is divergent in the direction of emission of light from the module, and wherein the support element has electric terminal elements, and the printed circuit of the module has further terminal elements for cooperation with the terminal elements of the support element, for providing the electrical connection for the module.
 18. The module according to claim 1, having a single said light emitting diode, the body of which defines two opposed locating notches, wherein said frame of the module further comprises two lugs extending from said cover element and at least partially engaged in said notches.
 19. The module according to claim 1, wherein the frame further comprises a coating of neutral color in the vicinity of said aperture or apertures, said coating having an appearance similar to that of an extinguished light emitting diode. 